recreational team games on untrained males in post COVID-19 scenario

Objective of the study was to examine the effect of small-side mixed recreational games on physical characteristics of university youth. Methods: Twenty-six male chosen and divided randomly into experimental (n=16) and control group (n=9). Experimental group was offered mixed recreational games thrice a week for 12 weeks. Mixed games included small sided football, basketball and handball. Training was given for 30 minutes. Independent Ttest was used to check group differences at start and post intervention. Product Moment Correlation was used to check correlation between aerobic capacity and body fat. Results: Body fat percent (t23= -2.123, P= 0.045), aerobic capacity (t23= 2.220, P= 0.037), oxygen saturation (t23 = 2.182, P = 0.040) and resting heart rate (t23= 2.123, P= 0.045). Significant relationship between body fat and aerobic capacity was seen in the intervention group (r= -0.675, n=16, p= 0.004). Conclusions: It can be concluded that mixed recreational games are effective and should be promoted among youth for better health. Unstructured and supervised recreational games are effective in promoting physical health and are enjoyed by young participants.

Virtual Class and Children Food Patterns during Pandemic: A Review

The new normal due to COVID-19 has changed the dynamics of every aspect of on life, be it household, professional life, finances, education or the food patterns. There has been lack of a fixed routine in the lives of children because of closure of schools, therefore the routine of wake up, sleep, time food timings have gone haywire. Children are indirectly affected by the pandemic, through poor diet, mental health effects, social isolation, screen addiction, unhealthy and irregular food habits. This paper is aimed at discussing the potential effect of pandemic on nutritional status of children;especially when children are indulged in continue classes for long hours, sitting one place. Data from various research papers have been discussed in this review paper, highlighting the impact of the new normal health of covid-19 on the nutritional health of children this situation requires effective and practical measures which can be adopted at the home setting to enhance the nutritional status and overall wellbeing of the children. © 2022 Sciendo. All rights reserved.

Recent Advances in Smart Cities and Urban Resilience and the Need for Resilient Smart Cities

Cities around the world have traditionally dealt with a wide array of natural and human-made risks and hazards. Annually, this results in significant human and economic losses in urban areas. As climate change is expected to further increase the frequency and intensity of adverse events, and other adverse events such as the recent COVID-19 pandemic may also hit cities again in the future, cities around the world increasingly recognize the importance of building on urban resilience to minimize vulnerabilities and enhance resistance, absorption, recovery and adaptation capacities. The rapid advances in smart city solutions enabled by information and communication technologies have also provided cities with more tools and opportunities to deal with adverse events. There is a vast body of literature on both smart city and urban resilience. However, the concept of smart city resilience has received limited attention in the literature. To fill this gap, in this chapter, we first provide overviews of the underlying principles of the smart city and urban resilience concepts. Next, we explain how adopting integrated approaches that simultaneously consider both smartness and resilience can help cities take more effective and efficient efforts toward dealing with adverse events, enhancing quality of life and ensuring transition toward sustainable development. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

Analysis Detection of COVID-19 on Chest X- Ray Images based on Support Vector Machines

The world is witnessing an unprecedented catastrophe as a result of the COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease) epidemic, which has spread to approximately 216 nations and territories throughout the globe. A COVID-19 infection may progress to pneumonia, which can be diagnosed by CXR (Chest X-Ray) examination and should be treated as soon as possible after diagnosis. This work is intended to examine the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in speedy precise diagnosis of COVID-19 pneumonia utilizing digital CXR pictures, as well as to construct a robust computer-aided application for automated classification of COVID-19 pneumonia from other pneumonia as well as normal images. In this research, we use a standard machine learning (ML) technique that is effective. The SVM (Support Vector Machine) classification technique was used in the development of the model. The purpose of this research has been to determine the role of machine learning, image processing, image segmentation, and feature extraction in fast or accurate identification of COVID19 chest X-ray or CT images. We assessed the performance of ML techniques on chest X-ray pictures as well as CT scans to COVID-19 diagnosis in this paper. The model's performance was assessed using relevant classification measures, such as accuracy, precision, recall, F1 score, among others. The model is capable of identifying COVID-19 patients from CXRs with training accuracy of 100 percent. We believe this high-accuracy reasonably fast Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) technique might be extremely beneficial in the containment of the pandemic. © 2022 IEEE.

In silico screening of phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of sars-cov-2 mpro and human ace-2

Background and Objective: An enzyme that inhibits the receptor could make it more difficult for coronavirus to reach cells. The key protease necessary for coronavirus proteolytic maturation is the recognized coronavirus 3-chymotrypsin-like protease 3CLpro, also known as Mpro. This Mpro is needed for immune control and the cleavage of the polyproteins pp1a and pp1ab, making it a promising target for anti-COVID-19 drugs. As a result, inhibiting the Mpro enzyme inhibits viral maturation. Bioactive constituents obtained from some selected indigenous plants of India, which have been reported to have antiviral potential, were subjected to virtual screening against ACE-2 and Mpro in the current study. Materials and Methods: Cresset's Flare 4.0 was used to establish the 3-D structure of all the compounds. Complete optimizations of these constructed structures were carried out. While performing the minimization, the spin state of the wave function was set to the singlet and standard SCF convergence was used for optimization, all other parameters were left at their default values. The Protein Data Bank (https://www.rcsb.org) was used to download the 3-D structures of Mpro from COVID-19 (PDB ID 6LU7) and ACE-2 receptor from Human (PDB ID 1R4L). Results: The findings show that these phytochemicals can bind to ACE-2 and Mpro more effectively as compared to reference compounds and act as inhibitors. Conclusion: The findings of virtual screening of these bioactive constituents revealed that most of them are more active than the reference compounds. Therefore, they could be used to produce antiviral drugs against Coronavirus in the future.

Association of circadian clock and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is causing devastation worldwide accounting millions of deaths. This virus is among the new member of the Coronaviridae family with differences from SARS-CoV. The entry of the virus to human cells mediated through spike (S) proteins with angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). Several comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, HIV, malignancy, diabetes, chronic respiratory disease, and cardiovascular disease makes a person susceptible to COVID-19 infection. Circadian rhythm/oscillations or biological clock plays important role in the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 infection mediated through ACE2 and BMAL1. Copyright © 2021 Korean Academy of Sleep Medicine.

Mental health impacts of social isolation in older people during COVID pandemic

Even before the COVID-19 pandemic, social isolation and loneliness were so prevalent in Europe, the USA and China, that commentators have termed the growing problem a ‘behavioural epidemic’. Here, Dr Tappenden and Dr Tomar review the literature on the mental health consequences of social isolation during epidemics, including COVID-19, focussing particularly on the mental health of older people and how this group can stay well while socially distancing.